Roadmap to boosting cellular NAD+ with natural supplements: apigenin, quercetin, leucine etc (NAMPT, PARP1))
Posted: Thu Aug 15, 2019 8:59 am
My proposal of a theoretical natural supplement that boosts cellular NAD+ synthesis by NAMPT activation and PARP inhibition without NR, NAR, NMN, NAM, NA or l-tryptophan. What would you add?
1. Troxerutin
2. Grape-seed proanthocyanidins
3. Leucine
4. Apigenin
5. Quercetin
(and I would perhaps add 1 g resveratrol in the morning)
NAD+ biosynthesis augmentation by NAMPT activation and PARP inhibition
1. Troxerutin
A trihydroxyethylated derivative of the natural bioflavonoid rutin, markedly increased NAD+ levels and potentiated SIRT1 via NAMPT activation and PARP1 inhibition in HFD-treated mouse liver.
“Troxerutin improves hepatic lipid homeostasis by restoring NAD(+)-depletion-mediated dysfunction of lipin 1 signaling in high-fat diet-treated mice.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25026599/
2. Grape-seed PACs (proanthocyanidins)
PACs significantly increased the hepatic NAD+ content by modulating the hepatic concentrations of the major NAD+ precursors as well as the mRNA levels of the genes that encode the enzymes involved in the cellular metabolism of NAD+. Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) gene expression was also significantly up-regulated in a dose-response pattern.
“Dietary proanthocyanidins boost hepatic NAD(+) metabolism and SIRT1 expression and activity in a dose-dependent manner in healthy rats.”
https://www.nature.com/articles/srep24977
“Dietary proanthocyanidins modulate BMAL1 acetylation, Nampt expression and NAD levels in rat liver”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4603780/
AMPK activators
AMPK regulates energy expenditure by modulating NAD+ metabolism and SIRT1 activity.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19262508/
3. Leucine
Addition of leucine to high fat diet correlated with increased expression of SIRT1 and NAMPT (nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase) as well as higher intracellular NAD(+) levels.
"Leucine supplementation increases SIRT1 expression and prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic disorders in high-fat diet-induced obese mice."
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22967499/
Decrease NAD+ catabolism
CD38 inhibition
4. Apigenin
“Flavonoid apigenin is an inhibitor of the NAD+ ase CD38: implications for cellular NAD+ metabolism, protein acetylation, and treatment of metabolic syndrome.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23172919/
“Flavonoid Apigenin Is an Inhibitor of the NAD+ase CD38”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3609577/
5. Quercetin
Blocking CD38 with quercetin could significantly relieve kidney dysfunction, kidney pathological changes as well as inflammatory cell accumulation.
“Blockade of CD38 diminishes lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage classical activation and acute kidney injury involving NF-κB signaling suppression.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29080804
PARP inhibition
Troxerutin and proanthocyanidins also inhibit PARPs in mice, thereby contributing to increased NAD+ in tissues.
1. Troxerutin
2. Grape-seed proanthocyanidins
3. Leucine
4. Apigenin
5. Quercetin
(and I would perhaps add 1 g resveratrol in the morning)
NAD+ biosynthesis augmentation by NAMPT activation and PARP inhibition
1. Troxerutin
A trihydroxyethylated derivative of the natural bioflavonoid rutin, markedly increased NAD+ levels and potentiated SIRT1 via NAMPT activation and PARP1 inhibition in HFD-treated mouse liver.
“Troxerutin improves hepatic lipid homeostasis by restoring NAD(+)-depletion-mediated dysfunction of lipin 1 signaling in high-fat diet-treated mice.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25026599/
2. Grape-seed PACs (proanthocyanidins)
PACs significantly increased the hepatic NAD+ content by modulating the hepatic concentrations of the major NAD+ precursors as well as the mRNA levels of the genes that encode the enzymes involved in the cellular metabolism of NAD+. Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) gene expression was also significantly up-regulated in a dose-response pattern.
“Dietary proanthocyanidins boost hepatic NAD(+) metabolism and SIRT1 expression and activity in a dose-dependent manner in healthy rats.”
https://www.nature.com/articles/srep24977
“Dietary proanthocyanidins modulate BMAL1 acetylation, Nampt expression and NAD levels in rat liver”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4603780/
AMPK activators
AMPK regulates energy expenditure by modulating NAD+ metabolism and SIRT1 activity.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19262508/
3. Leucine
Addition of leucine to high fat diet correlated with increased expression of SIRT1 and NAMPT (nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase) as well as higher intracellular NAD(+) levels.
"Leucine supplementation increases SIRT1 expression and prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic disorders in high-fat diet-induced obese mice."
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22967499/
Decrease NAD+ catabolism
CD38 inhibition
4. Apigenin
“Flavonoid apigenin is an inhibitor of the NAD+ ase CD38: implications for cellular NAD+ metabolism, protein acetylation, and treatment of metabolic syndrome.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23172919/
“Flavonoid Apigenin Is an Inhibitor of the NAD+ase CD38”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3609577/
5. Quercetin
Blocking CD38 with quercetin could significantly relieve kidney dysfunction, kidney pathological changes as well as inflammatory cell accumulation.
“Blockade of CD38 diminishes lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage classical activation and acute kidney injury involving NF-κB signaling suppression.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29080804
PARP inhibition
Troxerutin and proanthocyanidins also inhibit PARPs in mice, thereby contributing to increased NAD+ in tissues.