NAD+ precursor increases aerobic performance.
Posted: Tue Sep 10, 2019 3:28 pm
In this mouse study the NAD precursor NR did not increase aerobic capacity on its own but combining NR supplementation and aerobic training increased the aerobic performance compared to the group that only trained (without NR).
PURPOSE:
Nicotinamide riboside (NR) acts as a potent NAD+ precursor and improves mitochondrial oxidative capacity and mitochondrial biogenesis in several organisms. However, the effects of NR supplementation on aerobic performance remain unclear.
Here, we evaluated the effects of NR supplementation on the muscle metabolism and aerobic capacity of sedentary and trained mice.
METHODS:
Male C57BL/6 J mice were supplemented with NR (400 mg/Kg/day) over 5 and 10 weeks. The training protocol consisted of 5 weeks of treadmill aerobic exercise, for 60 min a day, 5 days a week. Bioinformatic and physiological assays were combined with biochemical and molecular assays to evaluate the experimental groups.
RESULTS:
NR supplementation by itself did not change the aerobic performance, even though 5 weeks of NR supplementation increased NAD+ levels in the skeletal muscle.
However, combining NR supplementation and aerobic training increased the aerobic performance compared to the trained group. This was accompanied by an increased protein content of NMNAT3, the rate-limiting enzyme for NAD + biosynthesis and mitochondrial proteins, including MTCO1 and ATP5a.
Interestingly, the transcriptomic analysis using a large panel of isogenic strains of BXD mice confirmed that the Nmnat3 gene in the skeletal muscle is correlated with several mitochondrial markers and with different phenotypes related to physical exercise. Finally, NR supplementation during aerobic training markedly increased the amount of type I fibers in the skeletal muscle.
SUMMARY:
the improvement in exercise performance in trained and supplemented animals was accompanied by an increase in type I skeletal muscle fibers. The increase in oxidative fibers content is associated with better aerobic performance, since the type I fibers presented a larger number of myoglobin, which transports oxygen and a greater mitochondrial density [36].
Aerobic training can promote changes in fiber type, giving it an oxidative profile [1] and NR increases the mitochondrial content, which is the ideal combination to increase oxidative profile.
Moreover, combining NR and training may potentiate the action of SIRT1, since both strategies result in increased NAD + levels [6, 8]. SIRT1 induces PGC1-α deacetylation [8], which is associated with mitochondrial biogenesis in the skeletal muscle.
In summary, our intervention strategy, which involved combining NR and exercise training, increased NMNAT3 and mitochondrial proteins in the skeletal muscle, which are associated with better oxidative metabolism, results in an increase in exercise performance in mice, and thus suggests that NR supplementation could be an interesting ergogenic strategy to improve aerobic performance.
https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s00394-019-02089-z
PURPOSE:
Nicotinamide riboside (NR) acts as a potent NAD+ precursor and improves mitochondrial oxidative capacity and mitochondrial biogenesis in several organisms. However, the effects of NR supplementation on aerobic performance remain unclear.
Here, we evaluated the effects of NR supplementation on the muscle metabolism and aerobic capacity of sedentary and trained mice.
METHODS:
Male C57BL/6 J mice were supplemented with NR (400 mg/Kg/day) over 5 and 10 weeks. The training protocol consisted of 5 weeks of treadmill aerobic exercise, for 60 min a day, 5 days a week. Bioinformatic and physiological assays were combined with biochemical and molecular assays to evaluate the experimental groups.
RESULTS:
NR supplementation by itself did not change the aerobic performance, even though 5 weeks of NR supplementation increased NAD+ levels in the skeletal muscle.
However, combining NR supplementation and aerobic training increased the aerobic performance compared to the trained group. This was accompanied by an increased protein content of NMNAT3, the rate-limiting enzyme for NAD + biosynthesis and mitochondrial proteins, including MTCO1 and ATP5a.
Interestingly, the transcriptomic analysis using a large panel of isogenic strains of BXD mice confirmed that the Nmnat3 gene in the skeletal muscle is correlated with several mitochondrial markers and with different phenotypes related to physical exercise. Finally, NR supplementation during aerobic training markedly increased the amount of type I fibers in the skeletal muscle.
SUMMARY:
the improvement in exercise performance in trained and supplemented animals was accompanied by an increase in type I skeletal muscle fibers. The increase in oxidative fibers content is associated with better aerobic performance, since the type I fibers presented a larger number of myoglobin, which transports oxygen and a greater mitochondrial density [36].
Aerobic training can promote changes in fiber type, giving it an oxidative profile [1] and NR increases the mitochondrial content, which is the ideal combination to increase oxidative profile.
Moreover, combining NR and training may potentiate the action of SIRT1, since both strategies result in increased NAD + levels [6, 8]. SIRT1 induces PGC1-α deacetylation [8], which is associated with mitochondrial biogenesis in the skeletal muscle.
In summary, our intervention strategy, which involved combining NR and exercise training, increased NMNAT3 and mitochondrial proteins in the skeletal muscle, which are associated with better oxidative metabolism, results in an increase in exercise performance in mice, and thus suggests that NR supplementation could be an interesting ergogenic strategy to improve aerobic performance.
https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/s00394-019-02089-z